The following list of publications and white papers provides you with references to our work and to published material that we find useful. Check back ocasionally with this page occasionally to see updates and new listings.

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We've divided the list into the following categories:

Sales and Marketing Performance & Knowledge Management

Binder, C. (1989). Hypertext Design Issues. Performance Improvement Quarterly, 2(3), 16-33. This article laid out some of the fundamental information design issues and solutions, more applicable than ever 15 years later on the Internet.

Binder, C. (1992) What Is A Customer Needs Model? Binder Riha Associates white paper. This article describes one of the fundamental tools we offer Sales and Marketing Organizations.

Binder, C. (1997). Sales Knowledge Management: A Technology Strategy. An old Binder Riha Associates white paper. The technologies have changed, but the issues remain.

Binder, C. (1998, Summer). Fighting the Sales Information Glut. Software Marketing Journal, 3(3), 41-44. Solving the sales knowledge "problem" with a performance-based knowledge architecture.

Binder, C. (2002). Five Keys to Building a Competitive Sales Force. Techcoire presentation, February 28, 2002. This presentation made to senior technology executives and entrepreneurs in Sacramento, California, describes five key strategies for building and optimizing the performance of a competitive sales organization.

Binder, C. (2005). Building sales performance for the product launch. Presentation delivered to TechCoire in Sacramento, February 24, 2005. This session presents a succinct yet powerful five-part strategy that any sales and marketing organization can use to optimize sales performance.

Fluent Performance

Binder, C. (1987, September). Computing "Fluency" and Productivity. Managing End-User Computing, 4-5. A one-pager, succinctly describes foundation elements of our fluency-based computer learning strategy.

Binder, C. (1990, September). Closing the Confidence Gap. Training, 49-56. Fluency is fun, produces confidence, and brings on a whole host of positive feelings and affect. It feels good to truly "master" and apply any skill or body of knowledge.

Binder, C. (1993, October). Behavioral Fluency: A New Paradigm. Educational Technology, 1993, 8-14. Summary of principles and key research supporting our FluencyBuilding™ methodology.

Binder, C. (1996) Behavioral Fluency: Evolution of a New Paradigm. The Behavior Analyst, 19(2), 163-197. The longer and more academic article, we're told it's more interesting reading than you'd expect!

Binder, C. (1999). Fluency Development. Invited contribution to D. G. Langdon, K. S. Whiteside, and M. M. McKenna (Eds), Intervention Resource Guide. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, Inc., pp. 176-183. Great book summarizing a number of important human performance technologies. We got our chapter!

Binder, C. (2003,April) Doesn’t Everybody Need Fluency? Performance Improvement, 42(3), 14-20. This ISPI Master's Series article lays out our view that we're all trapped in the percentage correct "box" and can't get beyond mediocrity to produce true mastery without measuring the time dimension. " It's the measurement, stupid!" is our rude title for this argument. The article also contains an interesting research travelogue and previews key points from Carl's upcoming book called Everybody Needs Fluency!

Binder, C., & Sweeney, L. (2002, February). Building Fluent Performance ina Customer Call Center. Performance Improvement, 41(2), 29-37. A big, big success story. We helped ramp up performance to 60% better than the call center benchmark within two weeks after new hire training. We worked with an innovative business leader who also happened to be a coach: Lee Sweeney, Carl's co-author.

Binder, C. (2000) Fluency Coaching Ideas from the Front Lines Binder Riha Associates white paper. Key principles that ought to give you a "flavor" for good fluency coaching.

Binder, C., & Bloom, C. (1989, February). Fluent Product Knowledge: Application in the Financial Services Industry. Performance and Instruction, 28(2), 17-21. This bedrock paper represents our early, repeated success in commercial and consumer banking. It launched a company, Product Knowledge Systems, Inc., in which we enabled sales forces in markets that demand consultative selling to know what they're talking about!

Bucklin, B.R., Dickinson, A.M., and Brethower, D. M. (2000). A comparison of the effects of fluency training and accuracy training on application and retention. Performance Improvement Quarterly, 13(3), 140-163. A good example of basic fluency research, and suggestions for more research if you're looking for a Master's or Doctoral level research topic.

Kubina, R., & Morrison R. (2000). Fluency in Education. Behavior and Social Issues, 10, Cambridge Center for Behavioral Studies, 83-99. A good plain English discussion of fluency in education, published by a great not-for-profit organization that supports the application of behavior science to practical problems.

Snyder, G  (1992). Training to Fluency, A Real Return on Investment (featuring an interview with Dr. Carl Binder). Performance Management Magazine, 10, 16-22. Funny picture, but the content of the interview is as true as it ever was.

Human Performance Technology

Check out SixBoxes.com, our new web site that provides a full line of Six Boxes™ Workshops for accelerating performance and installing "performance thinking" into the DNA of your organization.

Binder, C. (2005). What's So New About the Six Boxes™ Model? This white paper outlines our strategy for helping to drive "performance thinking" through organizations using Six Boxes™ workshops and consulting services.

Binder C. (1998). The Six Boxes™: A Descendent of Gilbert's Behavior Engineering Model. Performance Improvement, 37(6), 48-52. This is a summary of our plain English derivative of Thomas F. Gilbert's famous model. We use and teach the model to performance improvement specialists, managers, and lots of other people.

Binder, C. (1995). Promoting HPT Innovation: A Return to Our Natural Science Roots. Performance Improvement Quarterly, 8(2), 95-113. We need to get back to measuring the effects of what we do directly and continuously so we can continuously improve!

Binder, C. (2000) What Is Performance Analysis? White paper. Pretty basic description of our methodology for describing, analyzing, problem-solving and improving the elements of performance.

Brandenburg, D. C., and Binder, C. V. (1999). Emerging Trends in Human Performance Interventions - Second Edition. In H. D. Stolovich and E. J. Keeps (Eds), Handbook of Human Performance Technology. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, Inc., pp. 843-866. A chapter in the HPT standard compendium. (The next edition will include a chapter about fluency!)

Gilbert, T. F. (1978, 1996). Human Competence: Engineering Worthy Performance. Washington, DC: International Society for Performance Improvement. Close to scriptural, this book contains more ideas at more different levels than most books twice its size. Laid down many of the basic principles of our field.

Teodorescu, T.M., and Binder, C. (2004). Competence is what matters. Performance Improvement, 43(8), 8-12. This joint article with Tina Teodorescu, Carl's former employee and current colleague, contrasts so-called "competency modeling" with the accomplishment-based performance analysis methods shared by Tina and Carl. It describes an application characterized as a Best Practices Study by Carl and a Competence Model by Tina. Great antidote for shallow thinking about what it takes to build and sustain competent performance.

Measuring Results

Binder, C. (1988) Measuring Performance. CBT Directions, October 1988, 40. This is the REALLY short version! One page.

Binder, C. (1998). Sharing Performance Data: Let Us Begin. Invited Foreword in T. J. Esque and P. A. Patterson (Eds), Getting Results: Case Studies in Performance Improvement. Amherst, MA: HRD Press, pp. XXV-XXVIII. My foreward to a worthy book of case studies designed to show how straightforward and valuable it can be to actually measure behavior, accomplishments and/or business results.

Binder, C. (2001, March) Measurement: A Few Important Ideas Performance Improvement, 20-28. This ISPI Master's Series article is a quick summary of some essentials in our approach to measurement and decision-making.

Binder, C. (2003, March) Measurement and Human Performance Technology: Sharpening My Old Saw. Performance Improvement, 42(2), 19-20. A short version of the argument for a return to more measurement and communication of data to improve the field and our practice of it.

Measurement Counts! Published in ISPI's monthly newsletter (www.PerformanceXpress.org) for almost three years, this column by Dr. Carl Binder of Binder Riha Associates presents bite-sized recommendations and ideas about practical results measurement.

GOT RESULTS? Carl, Timm Esque and Julia Capsambelis have led the campaign at ISPI (International Society for Performance Improvement) to collect and share more measures of behavior, accomplishments, and business results. The GOT RESULTS? archive on ISPI's web site includes a growing list of case studies with measures of results.

Applications in Education

Barrett, Beatrice H., Ray Beck, Carl Binder, et. al (1991). The Right to Effective Education. The Behavior Analyst, 14, 79-82. I still recommend this paper to every educational professional, parent, and anyone else who wants to know about the things research says our schools should provide.

Binder, C. (1988). Precision Teaching: Measuring and Attaining Exemplary Academic Achievement. (PDF file of original article is 2.6MB) Youth Policy Journal, 10(7), 12-15. And old article with a succint description of fluency-based education for children.

Binder, C. (1990). Precision teaching and curriculum based measurement. Journal of Precision Teaching, 7(2), 33-35. Fairly esoteric, for teachers, but might also interest the curious layperson.

Binder, C. (2000) Fluency and Remembering. Carl acts as a consultant to the Haughton Learning Center, a program for children that uses methods based on the same principles and methods we use and develop. He wrote this article for the center newsletter.

Binder, C., Haughton, E., & Van Eyk, D. (1990). Increasing Endurance by Building Fluency: Precision Teaching Attention Span. Teaching Exceptional Children, 22(3), 24-27. A description of our early research with kids linking so-called "attention deficits " with a lack of fluency.

Binder, C., & Watkins, C. L. (1990). Precision Teaching and Direct Instruction: Measurably Superior Instructional Technology in Schools. Performance Improvement Quarterly, 3(4), 74-96. A good summary of two evidence-based methodologies that should be used in all schools today.

Conference Presentation Handouts

Binder, C., & Finfrock, R. (2002). Practical Performance Improvement Evaluation Without Statistics. Handout from a presentation at the annual conference of the International Society for Performance Improvement (ISPI), Dallas, Texas, April 23.

Binder, C., & Sweeney, L. (2002). Building Fluent Performance in a Customer Call Center. Handout from an Encore presentation at the annual conference of the International Society for Performance Improvement (ISPI), Dallas, Texas, April 24.

Binder, C., & Sweeney, L. (2002). Fluency coaching accelerates learning and productivity ramp-up. Poster presentation in the GOT RESULTS? exhibit at the annual conference of the International Society for Performance Improvement (ISPI), Dallas, Texas, April 24.

Binder, C. (2003). Annotated bibliography of Beatrice H. Barrett. Handout from a symposium organized by Carl in honor of his long-time friend and mentor, Bea Barrett, at the 2003 International Association for Behavior Analysis entitled "The Influence and Contributions of B. H. Barrett." Note: This work is must-read for behavior analysis researchers and practitioners. Additional presentation materials are available at the web site of the Cambridge Center for Behavioral Studies (scroll down the page after the link takes you there).

Binder, C. (2003). Everybody Needs Fluency! A Master's Series presentation at the annual conference of the International Society for Performance Improvement, April 2003 in Boston, MA. This session has been requested and presented with slight modifitations at numerous conferences and ISPI chapters. Accompanies the article (see above) called "Doesn't Everybody Need Fluency?" and previews a book scheduled for publication in 2004 entitled Everybody Needs Fluency!.

Binder, C. (2003). Removing Ceilings on Performance: Early Discoveries and Important Implications. Presented at the 2003 (November) Precision Teaching Conference in Columbus, OH

Binder, C. (2004, April 2). Everybody Needs Fluency! for families and professionals serving people with autism and autism spectrum disorders, keynote presentation at the New York Academy of Medicine, “Working Together” Conference, New York City.

Binder, C. (2004). Charting results so we can understand and communicate them: The Standard Celeration Chart in Examples. A presentation at the International Society for Performance Improvement, Tampa, Florida.